Evidências de validade e fidedignidade da escala de Gratidão (G-20) / Evidence of validity and reliability of the Gratitude scale (G-20) / Evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de la escala de Gratitud (G-20)

Este estudo teve como objetivo proporcionar evidências de validade e fidedignidade da Escala de Gratidão (G-20) para a população de adultos brasileiros. Especificamente, verificar a estrutura do questionário através da análise fatorial confirmatória, explorar a consistência interna da escala e as validades de critério concorrente e convergente. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, correlacional com delineamento transversal. A amostra por conveniência está composta por 348 adultos entre 18 e 59 anos das cinco regiões brasileiras. Os instrumentos utilizados foram questionário de dados sociodemográficos, G-20, GQ-6, DASS-21, PANAS e P-DURELL. A escala total demonstrou confiabilidade satisfatória (α = 0,92 e Ω = 0,71) e em todas as dimensões do instrumento. Além disso, a análise do ajustamento dos dados para a estrutura de quatro fatores apontou valor aceitável para uma boa adequação do modelo (RMSEA = 0,068, CFI= 0,956 e TLI= 0,949) e a predominância das correlações entre os instrumentos utilizados no estudo mostrou-se significativas. (AU)

This study aimed to provide evidence of validity and reliability of the Gratitude Scale (G-20) for the Brazilian adult population. Specifically, the study sought to verify the questionnaire's structure using confirmatory factor analysis, explore the scale's internal consistency, and establish concurrent and convergent criteria validities. This was a quantitative, correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The convenience sample comprised 348 adults between 18 and 59 years old from all five Brazilian regions. The instruments used were a sociodemographic data questionnaire, G-20, GQ-6, DASS-21, PANAS, and P-DURELL. The total scale demonstrated satisfactory reliability (α = 0.92 and Ω = 0.71) across all dimensions of the instrument. Furthermore, analysis of the data adjustment for the four-factor structure showed an acceptable fit for the model (RMSEA = 0.068, CFI = 0.956, and TLI = 0.949) and significant correlations between the instruments were predominantly observed. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo proporcionar evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Gratitud (G-20) para la población adulta brasileña. Específicamente, verificar la estructura del cuestionario mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio, explorar la consistencia interna del instrumento y la validez de criterios concurrente y convergente. Es un estudio cuantitativo, correlacional con diseño transversal. La muestra por conveniencia está compuesta por 348 adultos entre 18 y 59 años de las cinco regiones brasileñas. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos, G-20, GQ-6, DASS-21, PANAS y P-DURELL. La escala total demostró una fiabilidad satisfactoria (α = 0,92 y Ω = 0,71) y en todas dimensiones del instrumento. El análisis del ajuste de datos para la estructura de cuatro factores demostró un valor aceptable para adecuación del modelo (RMSEA = 0.068, CFI = 0.956 y TLI = 0.949) y el predominio de correlaciones entre los instrumentos se demostró significativo. (AU)

Protocolo preventivo da terapia de regulação infantil: estudo piloto no ambiente escolar / Preventive protocol of terapia de regulação infantil: pilot study in the school environment / Protocolo preventivo de terapia de regulação infantil: estudio piloto en el entorno escolar

A qualidade da educação relaciona-se com o investimento na aprendizagem acadêmica e com o desenvolvimento socioemocional dos alunos. Esse artigo objetiva avaliar os efeitos do protocolo preventivo da Terapia de Regulação Infantil (TRI-P) nas habilidades socioemocionais de crianças. A TRI-P tem como propósito desenvolver competências emocionais e sociais nas escolas. Utilizou-se delineamento quasi-experimental com avaliação pré e pós teste. Participaram 28 crianças de sete a nove anos, estudantes de uma escola particular no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Aplicou-se as escalas Social Skills Rating System para a avaliação de habilidades sociais e comportamentos problemáticos e Emotional Regulation Checklist para avaliar regulação e labilidade emocional. Os resultados, após intervenção, apontam diminuição nos níveis de problema de comportamento e aumento nos escores de regulação emocional e habilidades sociais. Percebe-se que a implementação de programas de habilidades socioemocionais pode ser promissora frente à importância do cuidado com saúde mental no ambiente escolar.

The quality of education is related to the investment in students' academic learning and socio-emotional development. This article aims to evaluate the effects of the preventive protocol of Terapia de Regulação Infantil: (TRI-P) on children's socioemotional skills. TRI-P aims to develop socioemocional skills in schools. A quasi-experimental design with pre and posttest evaluation was used. Twenty-eight children from 7 to 9 years old, students from a private school in a country town of Rio Grande do Sul, participated in the study. The Social Skills Rating System scales were used to assess social skills and problem behaviors, and the Emotional Regulation Checklist to evaluate regulation and emotional lability. The results, after the intervention, indicated a decrease in behavior problem levels and an increase in emotional regulation and social skills scores. The implementation of socioemotional skills programs can be promising considering the importance of mental health care in the school environment.

La calidad de la educación está relacionada con la inversión en el aprendizaje y el desarrollo socioemocional de los estudiantes. Este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar los efectos del protocolo de la terapia de regulación infantil (TRI-P) en habilidades socioemocionales de los niños. TRI-P tiene como objetivo desarrollar habilidades emocionales y sociales en las escuelas. Se utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental con evaluación previa y posterior a la prueba. Veintiocho niños de 7 a 9 años de una escuela privada participaron en el estudio. Las escalas Social Skills Rating System se utilizaron para evaluar habilidades sociales y comportamientos problemáticos, la Emotional Regulation Checklist para evaluar regulación y labilidad emocional. Los resultados indican una disminución en los niveles de problemas de conducta y aumento en la regulación emocional y los puntajes de habilidades sociales. La implementación de programas de habilidades socioemocionales puede ser prometedora.

A presença de sintomas psicopatológicos em crianças e responsáveis que procuram psicoterapia infantil / The presence of psychopathological symptoms in children and caregivers who seek child psychotherapy

Diversos sintomas psiquiátricos têm seu início na infância, podendo persistir como transtorno na adultez. Portanto, questionam-se quais sintomas estão presentes em crianças que procuram por psicoterapia infantil e se seus responsáveis também possuem alguma sintomatologia clínica. Este é um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e com delineamento transversal. Foram incluídos neste estudo 48 crianças de 8 a 12 anos e 44 responsáveis que se fizeram presentes durante o atendimento psicológico, os quais responderam aos questionários Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18) e Adult Self-Report (ASR). Constatou-se que as crianças apresentaram sintomatologias relacionadas a transtorno de estresse pós-traumático, ansiedade, depressão, problemas de atenção, problemas internalizantes e externalizantes. Nos responsáveis, observaram-se sintomas relacionados à ansiedade e problemas internalizantes. Este estudo aponta sintomatologias psiquiátricas observadas em crianças e seus cuidadores, bem como destaca a importância da identificação destes sintomas clínicos, visando futuros estudos que ampliem conhecimentos para modelos de intervenções que atendem a essas demandas.(AU)

Several psychiatric symptoms have their onset in childhood and may persist as a disorder in adulthood. Therefore, we questioned what symptoms are present in children who seek for child psychotherapy and if those responsible also have clinical symptomatology. This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional research. This study included 48 children aged 8 to 12 years old and 44 caregivers who were present during the psychological care, who answered the questionnaire Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18) and Adult Self-Report (ASR). It was verified that the children presented symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, attention problems, internalizing and externalizing problems. In those caregivers, were observed symptoms related to anxiety and internalizing problems. This study highlights the importance of identifying clinical symptoms in childhood and in their caregivers for future studies, as well as expanding knowledge to models of interventions that meet these demands.(AU)

Intellectual functioning in adolescents with indicators of psychosis: evidence for decline in functioning related to number of psychotic features?

Substantial research has demonstrated that adults with schizophrenia display intellectual decline compared to their premorbid levels of functioning. Research of this type, however, is not as common in adolescents with psychotic disorders. Since many first-episode adolescents with psychotic disorders other than schizophrenia may eventually meet criteria for this diagnosis, we examined first admission adolescents with variable psychiatric diagnoses. In this study, current intellectual functioning was compared to estimated premorbid functioning (estimated with word recognition reading), and the difference between these scores was related to the number of indicators of psychosis that was present in each case. Subjects consisted of 513 inpatients, ranging in age from 13 to 17 years, who were admitted to the adolescent service of a private psychiatric hospital. Indicators of psychosis came from clinical diagnoses, self-report measures, and clinical rating scales. Across the entire sample of 513 subjects the greater the number of indicators of psychosis that was present, the greater the estimated premorbid/current intelligence quotient (IQ) discrepancy. Type of IQ test, differences in intellectual premorbid functioning, demographic variables, and type of treatment were all unassociated with risk for IQ discrepancy. Within the limitations of estimation of premorbid intellectual functioning, these data suggest that intellectual decline is present at the time of the first psychiatric admission in psychotic adolescent patients who do not necessarily meet diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia and that this discrepancy is greater in patients with more indicators of psychosis.

The Rorschach Ego Impairment Index: prediction of treatment outcome in a child psychiatric population.

In this study, we investigated the treatment utility of the revision of Perry and Viglione's (1991) Rorschach Ego Impairment Index (EII-2) in a sample of 53 child psychiatric inpatients. Parent ratings of symptomatic functioning on the Devereux Scales of Mental Disorders (DSMD; Naglieri, LeBuffe, & Pfeiffer, 1994) were obtained at admission, 30 days postdischarge, and 120 days postdischarge. EII-2 scores correlated with initial symptom elevations on the Critical Pathology at admission. EII-2 scores did not predict short-term response to treatment. However, EII-2 scores demonstrated moderate correlations with long-term outcome and relapse. EII-2 was related to prediction of worsening of symptoms between 30-day and 120-day follow-up as measured by Reliable Change Index scores that were computed for the Externalizing, Internalizing, Critical Pathology, and Total DSMD scales.

Convergence of different versions of the continuous performance test: clinical and scientific implications.

The Continuous Performance Test has been used for the last 40 years to measure sustained attention or vigilance in many different populations. Different versions of the test have been developed, but little is known about how similar these tests are, and to what extent performance on different versions of these tests overlaps. In order to examine convergence of the different versions of the CPT, three different CPTs were administered in both the Auditory and Visual Sensory Modalities. Subjects were selected from consecutive admissions to adolescent acute care units at a private psychiatric hospital (n=100). Auditory test modalities uniformly elicited poorer performance than visual tests, while each set of task demands consistently elicited differences in performance. Despite the high test-retest reliability of the individual subtests, the average correlation between tests was r=.42, with the average correlation between visual tests at r=.48 and the average correlation between the auditory tests was r=.45. The correlations within task demands across sensory modalities ranged from a low of.37 to a high of.52. Controlling for IQ did not influence the correlations to a substantial degree. These data suggest different versions of the CPT are correlated with each other at a level consistent with construct validity, but that they do not constitute alternate forms of the same test.

MMPI-A structural summary variables: prevalence and correlates in an adolescent inpatient psychiatric sample.

This study examined the prevalence and correlates of Archer and Krishnamurthy's MMPI-A Structural Summary (SS) dimensions in a sample of 632 adolescent psychiatric inpatients through a series of correlational analyses. These analyses examined the relationship between factor dimensions and categorically defined dimension elevations and external criterion measures that included chart review data, therapist ratings, chart diagnoses, and cognitive test performance. The SS dimensions provided additional interpretive yield for some within-normal-limits profiles. An examination of the pattern of correlations revealed small to moderate relationships between all SS variables and external criterion measures.